Books are often called windows to new worlds, but fewer Australians seem to be peering through these windows. Why is this happening, and what can be done to foster a stronger reading culture?
Recent international research reveals that Australians are buying and reading fewer books than people in many other countries. A report by the European and International Book Federation found that only 64% of Australians purchased a book in the past year, compared to an average of 72% across 19 countries. Similarly, 80% of Australians read a book in the last year, below the international average of 85%.
While the differences may seem slight, Australia sits among the lowest-ranking nations for book buying and reading, alongside Aotearoa New Zealand, Finland, Latvia, and the United States. In contrast, countries like Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Ireland reported over 90% of their populations reading books within the same period.
The trend is concerning locally in Australia as well. In 2017, a Macquarie University study found 92% of Australians had read a book in the past year. By 2021, the Australia Reads national survey reported that the figure had fallen to 75%.
So, what’s behind these declining numbers?
The Price Perception: Are Books Too Expensive?
There is a widespread belief that books are prohibitively expensive in Australia. However, this perception doesn’t hold up to scrutiny. Globally, rising production costs and competition from online retailers like Amazon have leveled book prices.
For instance, Tim Winton’s latest novel Juice is sold in Australia for A$49.99 almost identical to its price in Aotearoa New Zealand (A$49.81) and even cheaper than in Canada (A$54.59). In the US, the same book costs A$44.02, while the UK price is A$43.07.
The notable exception in the UK comes from their value-added tax (VAT) exemption on books, a deliberate policy to make reading more accessible. In Australia, children’s publishers strive to keep prices reasonable, typically between $22.99 and $25.99. However, in a challenging economic climate, even modestly priced books may be seen as a luxury item for many families.
Cars vs. Public Transport: A Cultural Divide
Interestingly, the way we commute could be influencing our reading habits. Countries with high public transport usage such as the UK, France, Germany, and Spain tend to have higher reading rates. Train and subway commuters often use their travel time to read, aided by bookshops conveniently located in stations.
In contrast, car-dependent nations like Australia, the US, and New Zealand show lower reading rates. It’s hard to read a physical book while driving, and this cultural difference may also explain why audiobooks are more popular in these countries.
Learning From Other Nations: How Policies Shape Reading Cultures
Countries that prioritize reading through cultural and policy initiatives see higher engagement. Take Ireland, where 91% of people read a book in the past year. Ireland’s rich storytelling heritage is bolstered by government support, including grants, literary festivals, and even tax exemptions for writers earning up to €50,000 (approximately A$81,500). A basic-income pilot program for artists further underscores Ireland’s commitment to nurturing creativity.
In France, 88% of people read books annually, thanks in part to government policies protecting local bookshops. A 2022 law introduced a minimum delivery fee for online book orders under €35 (about A$57), leveling the playing field for physical bookstores against giants like Amazon.
Portugal offers another intriguing example. A public holiday, Portugal Day, commemorates the death of poet Luís de Camões, reflecting the nation’s respect for literature. As a result, 85% of Portuguese people read books annually, with 76% buying at least one book.
Could Australia adopt similar measures to boost its reading culture?
Cultural Influences and the Role of Families
A significant factor influencing reading habits is how reading is positioned within a culture. In Australia, only 32% of people identify reading as a hobby, compared to 44% in Spain and 42% in the UK.
Fostering a love for reading starts early, with families, schools, and media playing critical roles. A robust local publishing industry also helps ensure diverse and relatable stories are available to readers. Yet, with increasing competition from digital entertainment and a limited focus on reading as a national priority, these influences are weakening.
The Road Ahead: How Can Australia Foster a Reading Culture?
Robbie Egan, CEO of Australia’s bookselling industry body, BookPeople, notes the fierce competition for consumer attention and dollars: “The competition for eyeballs is real, and consumer discretionary dollars are scarce.” Industry leaders suggest a national campaign to promote reading could help reverse the decline.
Local research indicates that Australians value storytelling and books. However, with shrinking household budgets and more entertainment options than ever, it’s clear that active measures are needed. Whether through tax exemptions, funding for libraries, or nationwide campaigns celebrating books, Australia must prioritize reading to ensure it remains a cherished cultural habit.
Turning the Page on Declining Rates
Books have the power to educate, inspire, and connect us. Yet, in Australia, fewer people are embracing this gift. From misconceptions about price to the impact of car-dependent lifestyles, several factors contribute to the decline in reading habits.
By drawing inspiration from nations like Ireland, France, and Portugal where reading is celebrated and supported, Australia has the potential to turn the tide. Through thoughtful policies and cultural initiatives, we can create a stronger reading culture that enriches lives and preserves the value of books for generations to come.